Evidence for High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos at the IceCube Detector
Authors: IceCube Collaboration, M. G. Aartsen, Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., M. Ackermann, Jenni Adams, J. A. Aguilar, M. Ahlers, D. Altmann, J. Auffenberg, X. Bai, Mark Baker, S. W. Barwick, V. Baum, R. Bay, J. J. Beatty, S. Bechet, Julia Becker Tjus, M. L. Benabderrahmane, S. BenZvi, Patrick Berghaus, David Berley, E. Bernardini, A. Bernhard, D. Bertrand, D. Besson, G. Binder, D. Bindig, M. Bissok, E. Blaufuss, J. Blumenthal, D. J. Boersma, Bohaichuk, S., C. Böhm, D. Bose, S. Böser, Botner, O., Lionel Brayeur, Anthony M. Brown, Ronald Bruijn, Jürgen Brunner, M. Carson, J. Casey, M. Casier, D. Chirkin, A. Christov, B. Christy, K. Clark, F. Clevermann, Stefan Coenders, S. Cohen, D. F. Cowen, A. H. Cruz Silva, M. Danninger, J. D. Daughhetee, J. C. Davis, M. Day, Catherine DE CLERCQ, De Ridder, S., P. Desiati, Krijn D. de Vries, M. de With, T. DeYoung, Juan Carlos Diaz-Velez, M. Dunkman, R. Eagan, Benjamin Eberhardt, Björn Eichmann, J. Eisch, R. W. Ellsworth, S. Euler, P. A. Evenson, O. Fadiran, Ali R. Fazely, Anatoli Fedynitch, J. Feintzeig, T. Feusels, K. Filimonov, Chad Finley, T. Fischer-Wasels, Samuel Flis, A. Franckowiak, K. Frantzen, T. Fuchs, T. K. Gaisser, J. Gallagher, L. Gerhardt, Laura Gladstone, T. Glüsenkamp, A. Goldschmidt, G. Golup, J. G. Gonzalez, Jordan A. Goodman, Dariusz Gora, D. T. Grandmont, D. Grant, A. Groß, Chang Hyon Ha, A. Haj Ismail, P. Hallen, A. Hallgren, Francis L. Halzen, K. Hanson, David Heereman, D. Heinen, K. Helbing, R. Hellauer, S. Hickford, Gary C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, R. Hoffmann, Homeier, A., K. Hoshina, W. Huelsnitz, P. O. Hulth, K. Hultqvist, Shahid Hussain, A. Ishihara, E. Jacobi, J. Jacobsen, Kai Jagielski, G. S. Japaridze, Kyle Jero, O. Jlelati, B. Kaminsky, A. Kappes, T. Karg, ALBRECHT KARLE, John L. Kelley, Joanna Kiryluk, J. Kläs, Spencer R. Klein, G. Kohnen, Hermann Kolanoski, L. Köpke, Claudio Kopper, S. Kopper, D. J. Koskinen, Marek P. Kowalski, M. Krasberg, Kai Krings, G. Kroll, Jan Kunnen, N. Kurahashi, T. Kuwabara, M. Labare, Hagar Landsman, M. J. Larson, M. Lesiak-Bzdak, M. Leuermann, J. Leute, J. Lünemann, J. Madsen, G. Maggi, Reina H. Maruyama, K. Mase, Howard S. Matis, Frank McNally, Kevin J. Meagher, Martin Merck, T. Meures, Miarecki, S., E. Middell, Natalie Milke, J. Miller, L. Mohrmann, Teresa Montaruli A, R. Morse, R. Nahnhauer, U. Naumann, Hans Niederhausen, Sarah Nowicki, D. R. Nygren, A. Obertacke, S. Odrowski, A. Olivas, A. O’Murchadha, Larissa Paul, J. A. Pepper, Carlos Pérez de los Heros, Carl G Pfendner, D. Pieloth, E. Pinat, J. Posselt, P. B. Price, G.T. Przybylski, L. Rädel, M. Rameez, Katherine Rawlins, P. Redl, R. Reimann, Elisa Resconi, Wolfgang Rhode, M. Ribordy, M. Richman, Benedikt Riedel, J. P. Rodrigues, C. Rott, T. Ruhe, Bakhtiyar Ruzybayev, D. Ryckbosch, S. M. Saba, Salameh, T., Heinz Georg Sander, Marcos Santander, Subir Sarkar, K. Schatto, F. Scheriau, M. Schmitz, S. Schoenen, S. Schöneberg, A. Schönwald, A. Schukraft, L. Schulte, O. Schulz, D. Seckel, Y. Sestayo, S. Seunarine, R. Shanidze, C. Sheremata, M. W. E. Smith, Dennis Soldin, G. M. Spiczak, Christian Spiering, M. Stamatikos, Todor Stanev, A. Stasik, T. Stezelberger, R.G. Stokstad, A. Stößl, E. A. Strahler, L. R. Strom, G. W. Sullivan, Henric Taavola, I. Taboada, A. Tamburro, Andreas Tepe, Samvel Ter-Antonyan, Gordana Tešić, S. Tilav, P. A. Toale, Simona Toscano, E. Unger, M. Usner, Nick van Eijndhoven, Arne Van Overloop, J. V. Santen, M. Vehring, M. Vöge, M. Vraeghe, C. Walck, Tilo Waldenmaier, Marius Wallraff, Ch. Weaver, M. Wellons, Christopher H. Wendt, S. Westerhoff, N. Whitehorn, K. Wiebe, Christopher H. Wiebusch, Daniel R. Williams, H. Wissing, T. R. Wood, K. Woschnagg, D. L. Xu, X. W. Xu, Juan Pablo Yáñez, G. B. Yodh, S. Yoshida, P. Zarzhitsky, J. Ziemann, Zierke, S., M. Zoll
Journal: Science
Publication year: 2013
Abstract
We report on results of an all-sky search for high-energy neutrino events interacting within the IceCube neutrino detector conducted between May 2010 and May 2012. The search follows up on the previous detection of two PeV neutrino events, with improved sensitivity and extended energy coverage down to about 30 TeV. Twenty-six additional events were observed, substantially more than expected from atmospheric backgrounds. Combined, both searches reject a purely atmospheric origin for the 28 events at the 4σ level. These 28 events, which include the highest energy neutrinos ever observed, have flavors, directions, and energies inconsistent with those expected from the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. These properties are, however, consistent with generic predictions for an additional component of extraterrestrial origin.